Flood Exposure and Social Vulnerability Analysis in Rural Areas of Developing Countries: An Empirical Study of Charsadda District, Pakistan

In recent years, social vulnerability has gained much importance in academic studies. However, indices are rarely combined and validated with exposure resilience components. This study provides an integrated analysis of the flood rural households a case area Charsadda District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework was designed (based on MOVE framework) as guideline key indicators were identified. For component, parameters such elevation, flooded locations, distance from river endorsed to understand mechanisms. populating socioeconomic variables, questionnaire-based interviews conducted 210 households. The results presented through ArcGIS-generated maps. most significant interplaying high exposure-related indicators. findings showed that southern areas, including Agra, Daulat Pura, Hisar Yasinzai highly vulnerable due having highest number lowest elevations, shortest distances rivers, well larger household sizes, more elderly, children women, illiteracy rates, weak financial capacity. Understanding dominant areas where converge can inform authorities mitigating both physical vulnerability.